目的 以临床实例出发探讨甲氨蝶呤(MTX)导致不良反应(ADR)的发生特点,为临床用药安全提供依据。方法 对2010年1月至2021年6月我院上报的109例有关MTX的药品ADR报告进行回顾性分析。结果 109例ADR中,男性64例,女性45例,年龄2～77岁,平均年龄(20.26±16.45)岁。静脉滴注98例,口服6例,鞘内注射+静脉滴注5例。ADR临床表现主要为肝损伤、皮肤损害、肾损伤、骨髓抑制及黏膜损伤等。严重ADR 22例,其中16例存在MTX排泄延迟。结论 临床应重视MTX的用药安全问题,采取积极措施及早预防、正确处理MTX导致的ADR,降低严重ADR的发生风险。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of adverse drug reaction (ADR) of methotrexate by analyzing clinical cases, and to provide reference for rational use of drugs. METHODS A total of 109 cases of adverse drug reactions related to methotrexate reported in our hospital from January 2010 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Among the 109 ADRs, there were 64 males and 45 females, ranging from 2 to 77 years old, with an average age of 20.26±16.45 years old. There were 98 cases of intravenous infusion, 6 cases of oral administration, 5 cases of intrathecal injection and intravenous infusion. The main clinical manifestations of ADR were liver injury, skin damage,kidney injury, bone marrow suppression and mucosal injury. There were 22 cases of severe ADR, 16 of which had delayed excretion. CONCLUSION We should be paid attention to the safety of methotrexate, take active measures to prevent and correctly deal with ADR caused by methotrexate, and reduce the risk of serious ADR.
关键词
甲氨蝶呤 /
不良反应 /
排泄延迟 /
安全用药
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Key words
methotrexate /
adverse reaction /
elimination delay /
safe medication
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中图分类号：
R961
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参考文献
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